What does the suffix -ectomy refer to in a medical context?

The suffix "-ectomy" is derived from the Greek word "ektome," which means "to cut out" or "removal." In medical terminology, it specifically refers to the surgical removal of a specific part of the body or an organ. For instance, a "cholecystectomy" is a surgical procedure involving the removal of the gallbladder. Understanding the meaning of suffixes like "-ectomy" is crucial for interpreting medical terminology accurately, especially in the field of oncology, where surgical interventions are common.

The other options relate to different medical concepts: the inability to swallow is known as "dysphagia," abnormal accumulation of fluid refers to "edema," and chronic inflammation is often described by terms like "itis" as in "arthritis." Each of these terms addresses different conditions or processes in the body that are not associated with surgical removal. Therefore, recognizing the specific meaning of "-ectomy" highlights its application in surgical contexts.