What does the suffix "-penia" mean in a medical context?

The suffix "-penia" in a medical context signifies a deficiency or decrease in the number of certain cells, typically referring to blood cells such as leukocytes (white blood cells), erythrocytes (red blood cells), or platelets. For example, leukopenia indicates a low white blood cell count, while thrombocytopenia refers to a deficiency in platelets. This suffix helps to convey the concept of insufficiency in various bodily components, notably in hematology, where it is crucial to denote abnormalities in cell counts that may contribute to various health conditions or impacts on immune function and overall health. Understanding this terminology is vital for accurately interpreting medical documentation and communicating effectively within clinical settings.