What does the term "metastasis" refer to in oncology?

The term "metastasis" in oncology specifically refers to the spread of cancer cells from the primary tumor site to distant organs or tissues in the body. This process typically involves the cancer cells breaking away from the initial tumor, traveling through the bloodstream or lymphatic system, and establishing new tumors in other areas, which may further complicate treatment and prognosis. Understanding metastasis is crucial for oncology specialists, as it significantly affects staging, therapeutic options, and the overall management of cancer patients. The ability of cancer to metastasize is one of the key characteristics that distinguishes malignant tumors from benign ones, and it underscores the importance of early detection and intervention in cancer care.