What is the formal process established to report, investigate, and resolve events that may reflect security breaches?

Incident handling is the formal process established to report, investigate, and resolve events that may indicate security breaches. This process typically includes a series of defined steps that organizations follow when a security incident occurs. These steps may involve identifying and containing the breach, assessing its impact, eradicating any threats, and recovering from the incident.

The significance of incident handling lies in its structured approach, which ensures that the organization can respond efficiently and effectively to security events. This often includes the creation of an incident response team tasked with managing the entire process, from detection to resolution, and to implement measures that prevent similar incidents in the future.

Other options do not represent formal processes for addressing security breaches. A firewall serves as a security device designed to block unauthorized access while permitting outward communications but does not deal with incident management. Alarms may notify personnel about potential breaches but lack the systematic approach needed for thorough investigation and resolution. Access control refers to the policies and mechanisms that manage who has permission to enter certain areas or access information, rather than addressing the response to security incidents directly.