Which phase of cell division does chromatin transform into chromosomes made of chromatids?

During prophase, chromatin, which is the relaxed form of DNA found in the nucleus during interphase, condenses and becomes visible as distinct structures called chromosomes. This transformation occurs as the cell prepares to divide. Each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids, which are joined at a region called the centromere. The condensation of chromatin into chromosomes is a vital step in cell division, as it ensures that DNA is efficiently and accurately distributed to the daughter cells.

In contrast, during metaphase, chromosomes align at the cell's equatorial plane, and in anaphase, sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell. Telophase involves the decondensation of chromosomes back into chromatin and the formation of new nuclear membranes around the separated sets of chromosomes. Thus, it is during prophase that chromatin notably transforms into the distinct chromosome structures made of chromatids.