Which virus is commonly associated with mononucleosis and can lead to cancer in some cases?

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is the correct answer as it is well-known for causing infectious mononucleosis, commonly referred to as “mono.” After initial infection, EBV can remain dormant in the body and has been linked to various malignancies in certain individuals. These include Hodgkin lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma, making it a significant concern in oncology.

While Cytomegalovirus, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, and Hepatitis B Virus can also have serious health implications and associations with other conditions, they are not primarily recognized for causing mononucleosis nor are they as closely aligned with the subsequent development of cancers linked to the Epstein-Barr Virus. EBV's unique connection to both mononucleosis and its oncogenic potential highlights its significance in the context of cancer and infectious disease.